Patient Information
Sore throats are one of the most common reasons patients visit urgent care. They are most often caused by viral infections (such as a cold or the flu), but can also result from bacterial infections — most notably strep throat, caused by Group A Streptococcus. Identifying the cause is important because viral and bacterial sore throats require different treatments.
Signs & Symptoms
- Pain or scratchiness in the throat
- Difficulty swallowing
- Redness in the throat
- Swollen lymph nodes in the neck
- White patches or pus on the tonsils (more common in bacterial infections)
- Fever — more common with bacterial infections such as strep throat
Diagnostic Labs
Rapid Strep Test
A quick swab test to check for the presence of Group A Streptococcus bacteria. Results are available within minutes and guide antibiotic prescribing decisions.
Throat Culture
Ordered when the rapid strep test is negative but clinical suspicion for strep throat remains high. Results typically take 24–48 hours and offer greater sensitivity than the rapid test.
Treatment Options
Bacterial Sore Throats (Strep)
Antibiotic Treatment
- ✓Antibiotics prescribed following a positive strep test or throat culture
- ✓Full course of antibiotics must be completed even if symptoms improve early
- ✓Pain relievers and throat lozenges alongside antibiotics for comfort
For all sore throats: Throat lozenges and soothing sprays can provide additional comfort relief regardless of the underlying cause.
Follow-Up Guidance
Symptoms persisting beyond 7–10 days
If your sore throat does not improve or continues to worsen after 7–10 days, seek further evaluation. A prolonged sore throat may indicate a secondary infection or an underlying condition requiring additional treatment.
Strep throat follow-up at 48 hours
If you have been diagnosed with strep throat, follow up within 48 hours to confirm that the infection is clearing and that your antibiotic regimen is effective. This helps prevent complications such as rheumatic fever.